What it costs to pay into Africa, by bank and by stablecoin.
South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, Namibia and Botswana, from US dollars and euros, at 5k, 50k and 250k in each. Measured against one independent reference, with the evidence behind every figure. Table as of 2026-11-03.
4 corrections to this report and posts quoting it, the latest on 2026-10-17: what was wrong, what changed and the commit that changed it. Read the corrections log.
14 of 14 corridors have a reference rate today, and 0 have a route measured end to end: a business payment near the size shown that landed. Only measured figures are shown: payments that landed and live market reads, each labelled with what it leaves unknown. No published price or estimate is shown, and a missing leg is never counted as zero; where nothing is measured the cell reads "Being measured". Providers who send a quote get it measured on the same basis, free.
| Corridor | Size | Measured end to end | Bank, lowest | FX or payment platform, lowest | Stablecoin provider, lowest | USDC on the open market, now |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD → ZAR South Africa Reference 16.6363 ZAR per 1 USD, fixing of 2026-11-02 (date only; current) | $5k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | 0.02% cost of the size, measured, exchange books; a market read, not a payment The gap to the central-bank fixing is not shown: the latest is from 2026-11-02, and the market has moved since. partly verified; unknown, not zero: buying the stablecoin from a bank account (on-ramp), exchange withdrawal or network fee, payout to a local bank account |
| $50k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | 0.09% cost of the size, measured, exchange books; a market read, not a payment The gap to the central-bank fixing is not shown: the latest is from 2026-11-02, and the market has moved since. partly verified; unknown, not zero: buying the stablecoin from a bank account (on-ramp), exchange withdrawal or network fee, payout to a local bank account | |
| $250k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | 0.13% cost of the size, measured, exchange books; a market read, not a payment The gap to the central-bank fixing is not shown: the latest is from 2026-11-02, and the market has moved since. partly verified; unknown, not zero: buying the stablecoin from a bank account (on-ramp), exchange withdrawal or network fee, payout to a local bank account | |
| EUR → ZAR South Africa Reference 18.6606 ZAR per 1 EUR, fixing of 2026-11-02 (date only; current) | €5k | Being measured | Being measured | 1.00% measured: 3 consumer payments of EUR 1,900, EUR 1,132, EUR 1,075; none is a business payment near this size not verified for this payment observed 2026-10-01, 33 days before this build (stale); measured against the fixing for its value date | Being measured | 0.02% cost of the size, measured, exchange books; a market read, not a payment The gap to the central-bank fixing is not shown: the latest is from 2026-11-02, and the market has moved since. Read at USD 5,608. partly verified; unknown, not zero: buying the stablecoin from a bank account (on-ramp), exchange withdrawal or network fee, payout to a local bank account |
| €50k | Being measured | Being measured | 1.00% measured: 3 consumer payments of EUR 1,900, EUR 1,132, EUR 1,075; none is a business payment near this size not verified for this payment observed 2026-10-01, 33 days before this build (stale); measured against the fixing for its value date | Being measured | 0.09% cost of the size, measured, exchange books; a market read, not a payment The gap to the central-bank fixing is not shown: the latest is from 2026-11-02, and the market has moved since. Read at USD 56,084. partly verified; unknown, not zero: buying the stablecoin from a bank account (on-ramp), exchange withdrawal or network fee, payout to a local bank account | |
| €250k | Being measured | Being measured | 1.00% measured: 3 consumer payments of EUR 1,900, EUR 1,132, EUR 1,075; none is a business payment near this size not verified for this payment observed 2026-10-01, 33 days before this build (stale); measured against the fixing for its value date | Being measured | 0.13% cost of the size, measured, exchange books; a market read, not a payment The gap to the central-bank fixing is not shown: the latest is from 2026-11-02, and the market has moved since. Read at USD 280,420. partly verified; unknown, not zero: buying the stablecoin from a bank account (on-ramp), exchange withdrawal or network fee, payout to a local bank account | |
| USD → NGN Nigeria Reference 1347.94 NGN per 1 USD, fixing of 2026-11-02 (date only; current) | $5k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | 0.00% cost of the size, measured, exchange books; a market read, not a payment The gap to the central-bank fixing is not shown: the latest is from 2026-11-02, and the market has moved since. partly verified; unknown, not zero: buying the stablecoin from a bank account (on-ramp), exchange withdrawal or network fee, payout to a local bank account |
| $50k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | 0.11% cost of the size, measured, exchange books; a market read, not a payment The gap to the central-bank fixing is not shown: the latest is from 2026-11-02, and the market has moved since. partly verified; unknown, not zero: buying the stablecoin from a bank account (on-ramp), exchange withdrawal or network fee, payout to a local bank account | |
| $250k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | 3.76% cost of the size, measured, on-chain pool; a market read, not a payment The gap to the central-bank fixing is not shown: the latest is from 2026-11-02, and the market has moved since. partly verified; unknown, not zero: buying the stablecoin from a bank account (on-ramp), exchange withdrawal or network fee, payout to a local bank account | |
| EUR → NGN Nigeria Reference 1511.96 NGN per 1 EUR, fixing of 2026-11-02 (date only; current) | €5k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | 0.00% cost of the size, measured, exchange books; a market read, not a payment The gap to the central-bank fixing is not shown: the latest is from 2026-11-02, and the market has moved since. Read at USD 5,608. partly verified; unknown, not zero: buying the stablecoin from a bank account (on-ramp), exchange withdrawal or network fee, payout to a local bank account |
| €50k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | 0.13% cost of the size, measured, exchange books; a market read, not a payment The gap to the central-bank fixing is not shown: the latest is from 2026-11-02, and the market has moved since. Read at USD 56,084. partly verified; unknown, not zero: buying the stablecoin from a bank account (on-ramp), exchange withdrawal or network fee, payout to a local bank account | |
| €250k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | 3.76% cost of the size, measured, on-chain pool; a market read, not a payment The gap to the central-bank fixing is not shown: the latest is from 2026-11-02, and the market has moved since. Read at USD 280,420. partly verified; unknown, not zero: buying the stablecoin from a bank account (on-ramp), exchange withdrawal or network fee, payout to a local bank account | |
| USD → KES Kenya Reference 129.923 KES per 1 USD, fixing of 2026-10-28 (date only; lower confidence: older than a weekend) | $5k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured |
| $50k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured | |
| $250k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured | |
| EUR → KES Kenya Reference 144.567 KES per 1 EUR, fixing of 2026-10-28 (date only; lower confidence: older than a weekend) | €5k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured |
| €50k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured | |
| €250k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured | |
| USD → GHS Ghana Reference 11.6233 GHS per 1 USD, fixing of 2026-10-28 (date only; lower confidence: older than a weekend) | $5k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured |
| $50k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured | |
| $250k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured | |
| EUR → GHS Ghana Reference 12.9334 GHS per 1 EUR, fixing of 2026-10-28 (date only; lower confidence: older than a weekend) | €5k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured |
| €50k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured | |
| €250k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured | |
| USD → XOF Côte d'Ivoire Reference 584.799 XOF per 1 USD, fixing of 2026-11-02 (date only; current) Fixed: 655.957 XOF per EUR. Every basis point above it is margin. | $5k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured |
| $50k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured | |
| $250k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured | |
| EUR → XOF Côte d'Ivoire Reference 655.957 XOF per 1 EUR, fixing of 2026-11-03 (date only; same day) Fixed: 655.957 XOF per EUR. Every basis point above it is margin. | €5k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured |
| €50k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured | |
| €250k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | live on-chain pool price found; today's reference is missing, so it is not measured | |
| USD → NAD Namibia Reference 16.6363 NAD per 1 USD, fixing of 2026-11-02 (date only; current) Fixed: 1 NAD per ZAR. Every basis point above it is margin. | $5k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | no live market |
| $50k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | no live market | |
| $250k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | no live market | |
| EUR → NAD Namibia Reference 18.6606 NAD per 1 EUR, fixing of 2026-11-02 (date only; current) Fixed: 1 NAD per ZAR. Every basis point above it is margin. | €5k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | no live market |
| €50k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | no live market | |
| €250k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | no live market | |
| USD → BWP Botswana Reference 13.4771 BWP per 1 USD, fixing of 2026-11-02 (date only; current) | $5k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | no live market |
| $50k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | no live market | |
| $250k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | no live market | |
| EUR → BWP Botswana Reference 15.1170 BWP per 1 EUR, fixing of 2026-11-02 (date only; current) | €5k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | no live market |
| €50k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | no live market | |
| €250k | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | Being measured | no live market |
Open-market reads this hour: 30 of 42 priced; not priced: NAD: no exchange book or pool for this currency (6), BWP: no exchange book or pool for this currency (6).
Who may carry it is changing.
- 2026-10-28: Circle, a US fintech, backs a South African payments firm that operates in 30 African markets, according to a Business Insider Africa headline. Business Insider Africa
- 2026-10-27: South Africa's CrissCross received an investment from Circle Ventures to expand stablecoin payments across Africa. Condia
- 2026-10-26: Paymentology is powering Mukuru's expansion into everyday banking in South Africa, according to an FF News headline published 2026-10-26. FF News
- 2026-10-26: South Africa plans to allow regulated fintechs to access its payment network directly without relying on banks. TechCabal
- 2026-10-26: Paymentology is expanding its partnership with Mukuru as Mukuru launches the Mukuru Account & Card in South Africa. Finextra headlines
- 2026-11-02: Grey secured an International Money Transfer Operator (IMTO) approval from the Central Bank of Nigeria for inbound remittance rails in Nigeria. Technext
- 2026-11-02: Grey secured an International Money Transfer Operator (IMTO) approval from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) for inbound remittances in Nigeria, as reported on 2026-11-02. Technext24.com
- 2026-11-02: Grey secured an International Money Transfer Operator licence from the Central Bank of Nigeria, according to a Condia report published 2026-11-02. Condia
- 2026-10-31: The naira weakened from N1,329.50/$ at the end of September 2026 to N1,346/$ on October 30, 2026, reversing about 42% of its gains recorded between July and September. Nairametrics
- 2026-10-31: The Central Bank of Nigeria appointed eight pre-shipment inspection agents to monitor crude oil and gas exports and two monitoring and evaluation agents to oversee their activities. Nairametrics
- 2026-11-01: Kenya is seeking a partnership with COMESA to turn diaspora remittances into investments, according to a headline published 2026-11-01. The Kenyan Diaspora Media
- 2026-10-19: A headline reports that remittances to Kenya declined amid a US transfer tax and war. Briefs Finance
- 2026-10-19: Bloomberg reported that remittances to Kenya were reduced by a new US tax and by fallout from the Iran war. Bloomberg.com
- 2026-10-17: Kenyans.co.ke reported that the Kenyan shilling held steady while remittances dipped in September 2026. Kenyans.co.ke
- 2026-10-16: People Daily reports that Ethiopia's Birr devaluation reduced Ethiopia's GDP in dollar terms, and Kenya is again East Africa's largest economy. People Daily
- 2026-10-29: VitalSwap expanded its cross-border payments service to Nigeria and Ghana, according to a headline published 2026-10-29. The Guardian Nigeria News
- 2026-10-20: Stanbic Bank Ghana and RD Technologies are exploring stablecoin-powered cross-border payments, according to a TechAfrica News headline published 2026-10-20. TechAfrica News
- 2026-10-15: Bank of Ghana clarified the role of GoldBod in forex supply, according to a Modern Ghana Prime Business programme dated 15-10-26. Modern Ghana
- 2026-10-14: Bank of Ghana is piloting digital cross-border payments with Rwanda and Nigeria, according to a MyJoyOnline headline published 2026-10-14. MyJoyOnline
- 2026-10-13: Bank of Ghana is piloting digital cross-border payments with Rwanda and Nigeria, according to a Ghana News Agency headline. Ghana News Agency
- 2026-10-30: Visa and Senegal's Ministry of Telecommunications and Digital Affairs signed a Memorandum of Understanding establishing a two-year framework for strategic collaboration on Senegal's digital transformation. Finextra headlines
No change on record in the last 90 days.
No change on record in the last 90 days.
- Cost is the gap between what lands and what the same amount would land at an independent reference rate (central-bank and market rates), fees included, at the payment size shown.
- Only measured figures are shown: payments that landed, and live open-market reads. Published prices and estimates are not shown. Where nothing is measured, the cell reads "Being measured".
- Measured end to end: only a business payment near the size shown that landed, so every deduction on the way is netted. A payment measured for another customer or size is shown with that basis, never as the price of the row.
- Banks and FX or payment platforms are separate columns; an FX platform is never counted as a bank. A provider is a bank only where a source says so: the provider's own pages on our business-rails register, or the comparison feed's label. A feed label we doubt keeps the provider out of the bank column until a regulator's register settles it.
- A leg nothing on record measures is listed as unknown, never counted as zero: the receiving bank's fee and, for bank wires, intermediary deductions; for stablecoins, buying the stablecoin and, on the open market, the withdrawal and the payout.
- Stablecoin figures start from a stablecoin already held (USDC or USDT) and end in the local currency. A business paying from a bank account also pays to buy the stablecoin first (an on-ramp), which is not included in either stablecoin column.
- Stablecoin provider, lowest: a landed payment through a stablecoin payout provider, when one is on record. Buying the stablecoin first (the on-ramp) is not included.
- USDC on the open market: measured now on exchange order books and on-chain pools at the payment size. The figure shown first is the cost of the size itself, against the best price on the same books at the same moment, so it holds no market movement. The gap to the daily reference fixing is shown apart: it mixes the spread with whatever the market did since the fixing, so it is not a provider cost and not a saving. A euro row reads at its dollar equivalent and still needs euros turned into USDC (the on-ramp). It is the conversion only: the payout to a local bank account is not included.
- Timing (method 2026-10-v2): references are central-bank fixings, resolved to the day (the publishers state a date, not a time). A reference up to 3 days old counts as current (weekends), up to 14 days is lower confidence and said so, older does not price the corridor. A measured figure more than 7 days old at the build date is marked stale. Each figure states what it was measured against: a landed payment against the fixing for its value date, an open-market read against the live book.
- Sizes are in the row's own currency: USD 5k, 50k and 250k, and EUR 5k, 50k and 250k. Until 16 Oct 2026 a euro row was the dollar size converted (about EUR 4.4k, 44k and 220k).
- Route types are compared, never named providers. SwapEazi takes no fee or commission from any provider.
- Not yet covered: fees charged by the receiving bank. They are unknown, not zero, so no figure here is a verified end-to-end cost unless it rests on payments that landed.